User:Mr. Ibrahem/Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
| Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Call-Fleming syndrome, postpartum cerebral angiopathy, benign angiopathy of the central nervous system, migrainous vasospasm, migraine angiitis[1] |
| File:Reversible-cerebral-vasoconstriction-syndrome-3.jpg | |
| Significant beading of all intracranial arteries, best demonstrated in the anterior cerebral arties due to RCVS. | |
| Specialty | Neurology |
| Symptoms | Recurrent and severe headaches, vomiting, sensivity to light, confusion, focal neurologic signs, seizures[2][1] |
| Complications | Subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke[1] |
| Usual onset | 20 to 50 years old[1] |
| Duration | 3 weeks[2] |
| Risk factors | Childbirth, vasoactive drugs, complications of pregnancy[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Medical imaging[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an aneurysm, cerebral artery dissection, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, ischemic stroke, pituitary apoplexy, cerebral vasculitis[2][1] |
| Treatment | Calcium channel blockers[1] |
| Prognosis | Generally favorable[1] |
| Frequency | Relatively common[1] |
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a disease characterized by many areas of constriction and dilation of arteries around the brain.[1] Symptoms typically include recurrent and severe headaches of sudden onset (thunderclap headaches).[1] Other symptoms may include vomiting, sensivity to light, confusion, focal neurologic signs, and seizures.[2][1] Complications may include subarachnoid bleeding and stroke.[1]
Risk factors include childbirth, vasoactive drugs, and complications of pregnancy.[2] Drugs that have been implicated include cocaine, sumatriptan, diet pills, SSRIs, and pseudoephedrine.[2][1] Diagnosis is generally by medical imaging.[1] Other conditions that may present similarly include subarachnoid bleeding due to an aneurysm, cerebral artery dissection, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, ischemic stroke, pituitary apoplexy, and cerebral vasculitis.[2][1]
Calcium channel blockers, such as nimodipine, have been used for treatment.[1] For the vast majority, all symptoms disappear on their own within three weeks.[2] Deficits persist in a minority, with severe complications or death being very rare.[2]
While how often it occurs is unknown, it is believed to be relatively common.[1] Those affected are most often 20 to 50 years old.[1] Females are affected more often than males.[1] The condition was first described in the 1960s; however, the current name did not come into use until 2007.[3]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Nesheiwat, O; Al-Khoury, L (January 2021). "Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndromes". PMID 31869187.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mehdi, A. & Hajj-Ali, R. A. (2014). "Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: a comprehensive update". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 18 (9): 1–10. doi:10.1007/s11916-014-0443-2. PMID 25138149. S2CID 7457809.
- ^ Miller, T. R.; Shivashankar, R.; Mossa-Basha, M. & Gandhi, D. (2015). "Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, part 1: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical course" (PDF). American Journal of Neuroradiology. 36 (8): 1392–1399. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4214. PMID 25593203. S2CID 12431927. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-15. Retrieved 2015-04-23.