User:Mr. Ibrahem/Peyronie's disease
| Peyronie's disease | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Peyronie disease, induratio penis plastica (IPP),[1] chronic inflammation of the tunica albuginea (CITA) |
 | |
| Drawing of Peyronie disease | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Specialty | Urology |
| Symptoms | Hard lump on one side of the penis, abnormal curvature, painful erections, difficulty with sex[2] |
| Complications | Erectile dysfunction, depression[2] |
| Causes | Unknown[2] |
| Risk factors | Minor injuries to the penis, connective tissue disorders, autoimmune disorders, family history, diabetes, smoking, prostate cancer[2][3] |
| Diagnostic method | Examination[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Penile fracture, chordee[3] |
| Treatment | Conservative, injections of collagenase or verapamil, surgery[2] |
| Prognosis | Generally good[3] |
| Frequency | ~10% of men[2] |
Peyronie's disease is a disorder in which scar tissue forms under the skin of the penis.[2] Symptoms may include a hard lump on one side of the penis, an abnormal curvature, painful erections, or difficulty with sex.[2] Complications may include erectile dysfunction and depression.[2]
The cause is not clearly known.[2] Risk factors include minor injuries to the penis, connective tissue disorders, autoimmune disorders, family history, diabetes, smoking, and prostate cancer.[2][3] It is unrelated to sexually transmitted infections and is not cancerous.[2] The underlying mechanism involves inflammation and fibrosis of an area the tunica albuginea.[2][3] Diagnosis is based on examination.[3]
The requirement for treatment depends on the presence of symptoms.[2] Treatments may vary from reassurance, to injections of collagenase or verapamil, to surgery.[2][4] A number of different operations may be performed including grafting, plication, and penile implants.[2] Most cases; however, are mild and can be managed conservatively.[4]
Peyronie's disease is estimated to affect about 10% of men.[2] The condition most commonly affects those over the age of 60.[3] The condition is named after François Gigot de la Peyronie who described it in 1743, though previous descriptions date from 1561.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ Freedberg, Irwin M.; Fitzpatrick, Thomas B. (2003). Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division. p. 990. ISBN 978-0-07-138076-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Penile Curvature (Peyronie's Disease)". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. August 2019. Archived from the original on 9 October 2019. Retrieved 07 March 2021.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h Sandean, DP; Lotfollahzadeh, S (January 2021). "Peyronie Disease". PMID 32809463.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c Wein, Alan J.; Kavoussi, Louis R.; Novick, Andrew C.; Partin, Alan W.; Peters, Craig A. (2011). Campbell-Walsh Urology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 792. ISBN 978-1-4557-2298-3. Archived from the original on 2021-08-28. Retrieved 2021-03-08.