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User:Gruebleener/Human-oriented sexualism

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Human-oriented sexualism is the concept that sexual attraction towards flesh-and-blood human is "normal" sexuality.[1][2] This is the term used to describe the marginalization of fictosexuality. The sexuality attracted to real human is called "human-oriented sexuality." While the concept is raised from fictosexuality studies in Japan, it is now being discussed in research outside of Japan[3] and in areas other than fictosexuality studies.[4][5][6][7]

Etymology and background[edit]

Human-oriented sexuality is the term used to describe the sexual majority attracted to flesh-and-blood people.[8][9] This term emerged from grassroots usage among those who prefer two-dimensional sexual creations like manga and anime, yet lack sexual attraction to flesh-and-blood individuals.[2] Based on this premise, the term "human-oriented sexualism" was coined, prompting inquiries into institutions, customs, and value judgments rooted in human-oriented sexuality.

Two-dimensional characters are not representations of humans but belong to a distinct category of entities separate from humans.[10][11] Sexuality attracted to two-dimensional characters represents an alternative "sexual orientation," distinct from attraction to flesh-and-blood humans.[12][13] However, under human-oriented sexualism, such sexuality is often rendered invisible.

Activism[edit]

An organization that critiques human-oriented sexualism is the Taiwan Entrepot of Fictosexuality, a Taiwanese fictosexual activist organization.[1][3] Discussions and movements criticizing human-oriented sexualism are aligned with solidarity with feminism and LGBTQ rights, while simultaneously raising criticisms of human-oriented sexualism within feminist and queer circles.[14][15] Additionally, it has been noted that movements opposing restrictions on two-dimensional sexual creations, such as manga and anime, also serve as a critique against the human-oriented sexualist legal system.[12][13]

Academic research[edit]

Queer studies[edit]

According to queer theorist Yuu Matsuura, human-oriented sexualism is closely related to heteronormativity. Human-oriented sexualism erases the possibility of segmenting sexuality in ways other than the "heterosexual/homosexual" category, thus serving as a precondition for the exclusion of homosexuality.[15] Heteronormativity is positioned as a combination of gender binarism and human-oriented sexualism.[14] Furthermore, it has been observed that human-oriented sexualism shares roots with transphobia, operating within the same structural framework.[16]


Fan or otaku[edit]

In the field of research on otaku and manga studies, there exists a lineage of debates that contest human-oriented sexualism.[15] Matsuura cites examples such as the "ethics of moe" proposed by Patrick W. Galbraith,[17] the feminist analysis of yaoi by Yukari Fujimoto,[18] the concept of "multiple orientations" advanced by Tamaki Saitō,[19] and Elizabeth Miles' investigation into sexual desire for two dimensional characters as a "third sexual orientation." In philosopher Haruka Tsutsui's study of "Oshi," the potential for non-human-oriented sexuality is discussed as a potential subversion of patriarchal sexual norms facilitated by fan activities.[5]

Obscenity law[edit]

Research on the distribution of obscene materials expresses concerns regarding the regulation of two-dimensional sexual creations.[6] Applying the same logic as that used for regulating the public display of genitalia and sexual acts of real people would imply that two-dimensional sexual expressions are unconditionally considered representations of real flesh and blood. Consequently, two-dimensional sexual expressions might be interpreted as stimulating the desire for sexual intercourse with real people.[6]

Similarly, Matsuura's research on child pornography regulations has criticized the inclusion of two-dimensional sexual creations within such regulations. This criticism arises from the perception that such inclusion aligns with an ethical judgment rooted in human-oriented sexuality, as it implicitly disregards the ontological difference between humans and two-dimensional characters.[20]

Intimacy and family[edit]

The notion that intimate or familial relationships with non-humans, such as AI, robots, and pets, are considered inferior to relationships between humans is discussed as a manifestation of human-oriented sexualism.[4]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Matsuura, Yuu. "Basic Terms of Fictosexuality Studies". researchmap. Retrieved 2024-01-16.
  2. ^ a b 松浦優 (2021). "日常生活の自明性によるクレイム申し立ての「予めの排除／抹消」――「性的指向」概念に適合しないセクシュアリティの語られ方に注目して". 現代の社会病理 (36): 67-83. doi:10.50885/shabyo.36.0_67.
  3. ^ a b 廖希文 (2023). "紙性戀處境及其悖論: 情動、想像與賦生關係". 動漫遊台灣2023：台灣 ACG 的過去、現在與未來 (研討會論文).
  4. ^ a b 山田昌弘 (2022). "ペットの家族化の進展とその帰結――ネットモニター調査による考察". 中央大学社会科学研究所年報. 27: 3–21.
  5. ^ a b 筒井晴香 (2022). "「推す」ことの倫理を考えるために". In 香月孝史・上岡磨奈・中村香住 (ed.). アイドルについて葛藤しながら考えてみた：ジェンダー／パーソナリティ／〈推し〉. 青弓社. pp. 46–71. {{cite book}}: Text "和書" ignored (help)
  6. ^ a b c 上田正基 (2023). "わいせつ規制をめぐる諸課題". 刑事法ジャーナル. 75: 12–17.
  7. ^ 松浦優 (2023). "対人性愛中心主義批判の射程に関する検討――フェミニズム・クィアスタディーズにおける対物性愛研究を踏まえて". 人間科学共生社会学 (13). doi:10.15017/7151776.
  8. ^ 岩崎はなえ. "フツーの恋愛、性愛ってなに？『ACE アセクシュアルから見たセックスと社会のこと』刊行記念トークレポ". me and you little magazine & club. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
  9. ^ 松浦優 (2023). "抹消の現象学的社会学：類型化されないことをともなう周縁化について". 社会学評論. 74 (1): 158-174.
  10. ^ Nozawa, Shunsuke (2013). "Characterization". Semiotic Review (3).
  11. ^ Aoyagi, Hiroshi; Galbraith, Patrick W.; Kovacic, Mateja (2021). "Idology in Transcultural Perspective: Anthropological Investigations of Popular Idolatry". Idology in Transcultural Perspective: Anthropological Investigations of Popular Idolatry. Palgrave Macmillan.
  12. ^ a b Miles, Elizabeth (2020). "Porn as Practice, Porn as Access: Pornography Consumption and a ʻThird Sexual Orientationʼ in Japan". Porn Studies. 7 (3): 269–278. doi:10.1080/23268743.2020.1726205.
  13. ^ a b 松浦優 (2021). "二次元の性的表現による「現実性愛」の相対化の可能性――現実の他者へ性的に惹かれない「オタク」「腐女子」の語りを事例として". 新社会学研究 (5): 116–136.
  14. ^ a b 松浦優 (2023). "フィクトセクシュアルから考えるジェンダー／セクシュアリティの政治". researchmap. Retrieved 2024-01-16.
  15. ^ a b c 松浦優 (2022). "アニメーション的な誤配としての多重見当識――非対人性愛的な「二次元」へのセクシュアリティに関する理論的考察". ジェンダー研究 (25): 139-157. doi:10.24567/0002000551.
  16. ^ 松浦優 (2022). "対人性愛中心主義とシスジェンダー中心主義の共通点：「萌え絵広告問題」と「トランスジェンダーのトイレ使用問題」から". Retrieved 2024-01-16.
  17. ^ Galbraith, Patrick W. (2021). The Ethics of Affect: Lines and Life in a Tokyo Neighborhood. Stockholm University Press. ISBN 978-9176351598.
  18. ^ 藤本由香里 (1992). "少女マンガにおける『少年愛』の意味". ニュー・フェミニズム・レビュー. 2. 学陽書房.
  19. ^ Saitō, Tamaki; Vincent, Keith; Lawson, Dawn; Azuma, Hiroki; Saitō, Tamaki; Saitō, Tamaki (2011). Beautiful fighting girl. Minneapolis, Minn: Univ. of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-5451-2.
  20. ^ 松浦優 (2023). "グローバルなリスク社会における倫理的普遍化による抹消――二次元の創作物を「児童ポルノ」とみなす非難における対人性愛中心主義を事例に". 社会分析 (50): 57-71.

See also[edit]

[[Category:Queer theory]]

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