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{{Infobox person
{{Short description|Thai business executive and politician}}
{{pp|small=y}}
{{Multiple issues|
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{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Sukavich Rangsitpol
| name = Sukavich Rangsitpol
| image =
| native_name = สุขวิช รังสิตพล
| caption =
| native_name_lang = th
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1935|12|5|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1935|12|5|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Bangkok]], Thailand
| birth_place = [[Bangkok]], Thailand
| known_for = Chairman of Expressway Authority of Thailand (1993–1994)<br />Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand (1994), (1996)<br />Minister of Education (1995–1996)
| spouse = {{marriage|Pewpong Narongdej|1964}}
| children = 3
| spouse = Pewpong (Narongdej/Suwanamas) (1964)
|office = [[Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand]]
| children = Thita Rangsitpol Manitkul – daughter,<br>
Thitiporn Rangsitpol Suwatanapongched – daughter,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fcrhAhwAAAAJ&hl=en|title=Thitiporn Rangsitpol Suwatanapongched - Google Scholar Citations|website=scholar.google.com}}</ref><ref>[https://info.rdi.ku.ac.th/ThailandResearch/?nameID=26235 ]{{dead link|date=September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://medinfo2.psu.ac.th/pr/chest2012/file/CV/CV_Thitiporn.pdf |title=CV |website=medinfo2.psu.ac.th |format=PDF |access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref><br> Natthapol Rangsitpol – son<ref>[http://miu.isit.or.th/miu.ist.or.th/MIUx/News.aspx?id=2120 ]{{dead link|date=September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thaiauto.or.th/2012/about-us/board-of-director.asp|title=Board of Directors &#124; Thailand Automotive Institute|website=www.thaiauto.or.th}}</ref>
|term_start = 25 October 1994
|term_end = 11 December 1994
|primeminister = [[Chuan Leekpai]]
|term_start2 = 25 November 1996
|term_end2 = 8 November 1997
|primeminister2 = [[Chavalit Yongchaiyudh]]
|office3 = [[Ministry of Education (Thailand)|Minister of Education]]
|term_start3 = 13 July 1995
|term_end3 = 24 November 1996
|primeminister3 = [[Banharn Silpa-archa]]
|term_start4 = 25 November 1996
|term_end4 = 14 August 1997
|primeminister4 = [[Chavalit Yongchaiyudh]]
| party = {{ubl|[[New Aspiration Party|New Aspiration]]|[[Thai Rak Thai Party|Thai Rak Thai]]}}
}}
}}


'''Sukavich Rangsitpol''' ({{lang-th|สุขวิช รังสิตพล}} {{RTGS|Sukkhawit Rangsitphon}}; born 5 December 1935) is a Thai education reformer,<ref> https://elibrary.ksp.or.th/doc_num.php?explnum_id=4954</ref><ref> https://web.archive.org/web/20190605043040/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2530/A/074/1.PDF</ref> and politician.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dachakupt |first1=Pimpan |title=The current innovation in curriculum development in Thailand |journal=International Journal of Curriculum Development and Practice|date=1999 |volume=1 |pages=93–101 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcrdaen/1/1/1_KJ00006742072/_pdf |access-date=18 September 2018}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190605043040/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2530/A/074/1.PDF] {{Bare URL PDF|date=October 2022}}</ref> He served as [[Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand|Deputy Prime Minister]] (1994, 1996–97) and Minister of Education (1995–97).<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=569468815&privcapId=5702954 |title= Nattapol Rangsitpol: Executive Profile & Biography |publisher=Bloomberg |accessdate=2019-06-27}}</ref>
'''Sukavich Rangsitpol''' ({{lang-th|สุขวิช รังสิตพล}} {{RTGS|Sukkhawit Rangsitphon}}; born 5 December 1935) is a Thai business executive and politician. He served as deputy prime minister (1994, 1996–97) and minister of education (1995–97) of Thailand.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=569468815&privcapId=5702954 |title= Nattapol Rangsitpol: Executive Profile & Biography |publisher=Bloomberg |accessdate=2019-06-27}}</ref>


==Life and career==
In 1995, as minister of education, Rangsitpol laid out his plans for educational reform in Thailand. The goal of education reform is to realize the potential of Thai people to develop themselves for the better quality of life and to develop the nation for peaceful co-existence in the world community. <ref> https://elibrary.ksp.or.th/doc_num.php?explnum_id=4954 </ref>
The reform was considered a landmark movement after nearly 100 years of education under the previous system.<ref>http://backoffice.onec.go.th/uploaded/Category/EngBook/SchoolReformPolicy-04-03-2011.pdf {{Bare URL inline|date=October 2022}}</ref>


Sukavich completed a bachelor's degree in political science at [[Thammasat University]] in 1960 and the Management Development Program of [[Asian Institute of Management]], Manila in 1976. He started working as a sales representative for [[Caltex]] Oil Thailand in 1961, being promoted to sales supervisor, district manager, general sales manager and general manager over the following decades. He finally served as chairman and managing director of that company during the early 1990s.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Sukavich Rangsitpol: Chairman and Managing Director, Caltex Oil (Thailand) Limited |journal=Business Review |volume=21 |year=1992 |page=30}}</ref>
== Early Life and Education ==


Sukavich was Senator in 1987,<ref>{{cite journal| journal=Royal Thai Government Gazette |volume=104 |issue=74|date=19 April 1987|page=4}}</ref> National Legislative Assembly in 1991,<ref>{{Cite journal |title=|url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2534/A/053/1.PDF |journal=Royal Thai Government Gazette |volume=108 |issue=53 |date=25 March 1991 |page=13}}</ref> and Senator [[Senate of Thailand|Thai Senate]] in 1992.
Rangsitpol completed a bachelor's degree in political science at [[Thammasat University]] in 1960 and the Management Development Program of [[Asian Institute of Management|the Asian Institute of Management]], Manila, in 1976, Management Program for Executive, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1985 and Distinguished Senior Executive Program, Harvard University in 1991.<ref> {{Cite web |title=นักการเมือง ขาดวุฒิภาวะ ความสามารถ ประสบการณ์ จะมีผลอย่างไร กับ ประเทศไทย |url=https://pantip.com/topic/37934046 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Pantip |language=th}}</ref>


Between 1993 and 1994 he was the governor of the [[Expressway Authority of Thailand|Expressway and Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand]] (ETA).<ref>{{Cite news |author=Paul Handley |title=Road to Nowhere: Thais and investors continue to haggle over highway |newspaper=Far Eastern Economic Review |year=1993 |page=152}}</ref>
He was chairman and managing director of [[Caltex]] Oil Thailand during the early 1990s before became a politician.<ref name="Carr 2012 p. 256">{{cite book | last=Carr | first=J. | title=Major Companies of The Far East and Australasia 1990/91: Volume 1: South East Asia | publisher=Springer Netherlands | year=2012 | isbn=978-94-009-0805-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GrnrCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA256 | access-date=3 Jul 2020 | page=256}}</ref>


In 1994, Sukavich joined the [[New Aspiration Party]] (NAP) of retired general [[Chavalit Yongchaiyudh]] and was appointed deputy prime minister in [[Chuan Leekpai]]'s cabinet in October of the same year.<ref name="Wingfield02_269">{{Cite book |author=Tom Wingfield |chapter=Democratization and economic crisis in Thailand |editor=Edmund Terence Gomez |title=Political Business in East Asia |publisher=Routledge |year=2002 |page=269}}</ref> Together with [[Chamlong Srimuang]] and transport minister [[Vichit Surapongchai]] he formed a team to tackle Bangkok's traffic problems.<ref>{{Cite book |editor=[[Economist Intelligence Unit]] |title=Country Report: Thailand, Myanmar (Burma) |year=1994 |page=21}}</ref> However, he lost that position after a few weeks. Sukavich was appointed minister of education in [[Banharn Silpa-archa]]'s cabinet in July 1995. In addition, he was the secretary-general of the NAP from 1995 to 1997. He was alleged to have contributed 100 million baht to the party's campaign fund.<ref name="Wingfield02_269" />
He also was the eighth President of Political Science Association of Thammsat University.<ref> {{Cite web |date=2022-09-16 |title=อดีตนายกสมาคมรัฐศาสตร์ฯ - สมาคมรัฐศาสตร์แห่งมหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์ |url=https://www.posatu.com/%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%90%e0%b8%a8%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |language=en}}</ref> and he was the 9th President of [[:th:สมาคมธรรมศาสตร์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์| Thammasat University Association]]between 1989-1992 He also received Honorable Doctor of Philosophy from Ramkhamhaeng University <ref> https://archives.lib.ru.ac.th/s/RU-Archives/item-set/8251 </ref> and Mahamakut Buddhist University.<ref>{{Cite web |title=พระสงฆ์คนดังทั่วโลกรับป.เอกดุษฎีบัณฑิตมจร. |url=https://www.mcu.ac.th/news/detail/5648 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=www.mcu.ac.th |language=en-US}}</ref>


As Minister of Education, Sukavich launched a series of education reforms in 1995. The aim was to enhance the quality of education from 1995 to achieve educational excellence by 2007.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dachakupt |first1=Pimpan |title=The current innovation in curriculum development in Thailand |journal=International Journal of Curriculum Development and Practice|date=1999 |volume=1 |pages=93–101 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcrdaen/1/1/1_KJ00006742072/_pdf |accessdate=18 September 2018}}</ref>
Rangsitpol became a Senator in 1987,<ref>{{cite journal| title=Royal Thai Government Gazette 104 | journal=Royal Thai Government Gazette |volume=104 |issue=74|date=19 April 1987|page=4}}</ref> National Legislative Assembly in 1991,<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Appointment of Members of the National Legislation Assembly | url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2534/A/053/1.PDF | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200216/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2534/A/053/1.PDF | url-status=dead | archive-date=March 4, 2016 |journal=Royal Thai Government Gazette |volume=108 |issue=53 |date=25 March 1991 |page=13 | language=th | access-date=3 Jun 2020}}</ref> and a Senator of the [[Senate of Thailand|Thai Senate]] in 1992.


He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1996, representing Bangkok's 13th constituency. After New Aspiration's electoral victory, Sukavich again was a deputy prime minister in Chavalit Yongchaiyudh's cabinet in addition to his post as Minister of Education. Moreover, he served as [[Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization]] (SEAMEO) council president in 1996.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seameo.org/vl/library/dlwelcome/photogallery/president/sukavich.htm |title=Visits of the SEAMEO Council President 1996 |work=SEAMEO Library |accessdate=12 November 2018}}</ref>
Between 1993 and 1994, he was the governor of the [[Expressway Authority of Thailand|Expressway and Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand]] (ETA).<ref>{{Cite news |author=Paul Handley |title=Road to Nowhere: Thais and investors continue to haggle over highway |newspaper=Far Eastern Economic Review |year=1993 |page=152}}</ref>


He was involved in a long-running scandal over the purchase of overpriced computers for schools,<ref name="Wingfield02_269" /> but was cleared of any wrongdoing during a subsequent defamation suit.<ref>{{Cite news |title=All Quiet on Western Front |newspaper=Bangkok Post |date=28 February 2002}}</ref> Sukavich was also criticised for keeping in force a ban on "gender/sex deviant" and "wrong-gendered" (i.e. homosexual and transsexual) students at the [[Rajabhat University system|Rajabhat teacher training institutes]],<ref>{{Cite book |author=Rosalind C. Morris |chapter=Educating Desire: Thailand, Transnationalism, Transgression |editor=Phillip Brian Harper |title=Queer Transexions of Race, Nation, and Gender |publisher=Duke University Press |year=1997 |pages=53–79, at p. 54}}</ref> saying that "homosexuals are no different to drug addicts who need treatment. ... I do not want these people to be role models for children." He retired from the ministerial post in August 1997, being replaced by his intra-party rival [[Chingchai Mongcoltam]], who lifted the anti-gay ban.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Peter A. Jackson |chapter=Offending Images: Gender Sexual Minorities, and State Control of the Media in Thailand |editor=Russell H. K. Heng |title=Media Fortunes, Changing Times: ASEAN States in Transition |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |year=2002 |pages=216–217}}</ref>
In 1994, while he was the Director of Mass Transit Authority of Thailand,<ref> https://portalinter1.mrta.co.th/en/about_mrta/all_board/ </ref> his achievement was The master plan of Bangkok Metropolitan Mass Transit (1994/2537).<ref> https://www.accessfeeders.com/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0-feeder/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81-%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94/</ref><ref> https://dl.parliament.go.th/bitstream/handle/20.500.13072/417330/2538_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97_%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3.pdf?sequence=1</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ryt9.com/s/cabt/2613256 | title=ขอความเห็นชอบยกเว้นการปฏิบัติตามมติคณะรัฐมนตรีเมื่อวันที่ 17 พฤษภาคม 2537 เรื่อง }}</ref>


Sukavich also lost the deputy premiership in November 1997 when Chavalit was ousted by a no-confidence vote during the [[1997 Asian financial crisis|Asian financial crisis]].
In 1995, Rangsitpol joined the [[New Aspiration Party]] (NAP) and was appointed deputy prime minister in [[Chuan Leekpai]]'s cabinet in October of the same year.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.academia.edu/43054905 | title=EDUCATION FOR LIFE: THAILAnd's MOST IMPORTANT CHALLENGE His Excellency SUKAVICH RANGSITPOL Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education Royal Thai Government to the FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS CLUB OF THAILAND }}</ref> The world's longest bridge (between 2000-2010)<ref> https://www.pci.org/PCI_Docs/Design_Resources/Guides_and_manuals/references/bridge_design_manual/JL-00-January-February_Bang_Na_Expressway,_Bangkok,_Thailand-World_s_Longest_Bridge_and_Largest_Precasting_Operation.pdf </ref> was an achievement of Rangsitpol, deputy prime minister of the [[Chuan Leekpai]] Cabinet (1992-1995).


In 2001 Sukavich was re-elected as member of parliament, being number three of the New Aspiration Party list. Together with party leader Chavalit Yongchaiyudh and most of the NAP lawmakers, he switched to the [[Thai Rak Thai Party]] (TRT) of prime minister [[Thaksin Shinawatra]] later in the same year.
== Deputy Prime Minister under Chaun ==
Foreign investors have regained confidence in Thai markets following his new position as deputy prime minister.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.scmp.com/article/98562/stability-enhances-confidence | title=Stability enhances confidence | date=5 December 1994 }}</ref>The world's longest bridge (between 2000-2010)<ref> https://www.pci.org/PCI_Docs/Design_Resources/Guides_and_manuals/references/bridge_design_manual/JL-00-January-February_Bang_Na_Expressway,_Bangkok,_Thailand-World_s_Longest_Bridge_and_Largest_Precasting_Operation.pdf </ref> was an achievement of Rangsitpol, deputy prime minister of the [[Chuan Leekpai]] Cabinet (1992-1995).At that time Thailand already had already had two failed projects [[Lavalin Skytrain]] and [[Bangkok Elevated Road and Train System]]. One of his election platforms was to get a mass transit system in Bangkok by 2000. Foreign investment was set to increase if he remained in office for two years. Thailand's top diplomat in Hong Kong said.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.scmp.com/article/98562/stability-enhances-confidence | title=Stability enhances confidence | date=5 December 1994 }}</ref> Unfortunately, It was not meant to be.


In 2005, he was re-elected once again, this time a representative of the TRT party list. As one of 111 executive members of the TRT, he was banned from political activities for five years after the [[2006 Thai coup d'état|2006 coup d'état]]. He expressed no wish to return to politics after the ban expired.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.siamintelligence.com/111-return-subtle-impact/ |title=การกลับมาของบ้านเลขที่ 111 ไม่มีอะไรเปลี่ยนแปลงที่ "หลังฉาก" |newspaper=Siam Intelligence |date=5 June 2012}} {{dead link|date=September 2019}}</ref>
== [[1995 Thai general election]] ==

He served as minister of education in [[Banharn Silpa-archa]]'s cabinet in July 1995,
he also launched a series of education reforms in 1995. The aim was to enhance the quality of education from 1995 to achieve educational excellence by 2007.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dachakupt |first1=Pimpan |title=The current innovation in curriculum development in Thailand |journal=International Journal of Curriculum Development and Practice|date=1999 |volume=1 |pages=93–101 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcrdaen/1/1/1_KJ00006742072/_pdf | format=pdf | accessdate=18 September 2018}}</ref>

== Thailand Education Reform 1995 <ref> https://elibrary.ksp.or.th/doc_num.php?explnum_id=4954</ref> ==
In 1995 as the minister of education, Rangsitpol, launched a series of education reforms with the stated goal of helping the Thai people to develop themselves for a better quality of life and to develop the nation for a peaceful co-existence in the global community.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dachakupt |first1=Pimpan |title=The current innovation in curriculum development in Thailand |journal=International Journal of Curriculum Development and Practice|date=1999 |volume=1 |pages=93–101 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcrdaen/1/1/1_KJ00006742072/_pdf |access-date=18 September 2018}}</ref>

Since December 1995, activities have been conducted in four main areas:

* '''School reform''' - Efforts were stepped up to standardize the quality of education at all levels and types of schools and educational institutions. Educational coverage has been expanded.
* '''Teacher reform''' - Teacher training and recruitment were reformed in public and private schools. Educational administrators and personnel have been developed.
* '''Curriculum reform''' - Curriculum and teaching-learning processes have been reformed to raise academic quality at all levels.
* '''Administrative reform''' - Educational institutions have been empowered to make administrative decisions and offer appropriate educational services consistent with the local lifestyle and conditions. Provincial organizations have been strengthened to facilitate this, while private participation of the family and community has been promoted and supported.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/archive/Countries/WDE/2006/ASIA_and_the_PACIFIC/Thailand/Thailand.htm | title=UNESCO IBE - World Data on Education, 6th edition - Thailand }}</ref><ref>https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000122102 page53-56</ref>

He implemented the School-based Management (SBM) policy in 1997 to overcome a profound educational system crisis.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1007/s11159-004-2624-4|title = Decentralisation and School-Based Management in Thailand| journal=International Review of Education | volume=50| issue=3| pages=291–308|year = 2004|last1 = Gamage|first1 = David T.| last2=Sooksomchitra| first2=Pacharapimon|s2cid = 189768573}}</ref>

== According to UNESCO, [[Thailand|Thailand's]] education reform has led to the following results ==

* The government provides free 12 years of education for all children. Eighth Thailand's National Social and Economic Development Plan was also written to support the implementation of an education reform program. This program was later added to the 1997 Constitution of Thailand and gave access to all citizens.<ref>{{cite book |title=Education Management Profile: Thailand |date=1998 |publisher=UNESCO PRINCIPAL REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC |location=Bangkok |url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001135/113535Eo.pdf |access-date=18 September 2018}}</ref>

* The educational budget increased from 133 billion [[Thai baht|baht]] in 1996 to 163 billion baht in 1997 (22.5% increase)

* Since 1996, first-grade students have been taught [[English as a second or foreign language]] and [[computer literacy]].

* The Thai government approved professional advancement from teacher level 6 to level 7 without having to submit academic work for consideration.

World Bank report that after the [[1997 Asian financial crisis]] Income in the northeast, the poorest part of Thailand, has risen by 46 percent from 1998 to 2001 due to [[Education in Thailand|Education For All]].<ref>NESDB, [http://www.nesdb.go.th/Portals/0/eco_datas/account/gpp/GPP%1998-2001.zip Economic Data, 1995–2001] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719090712/http://www.nesdb.go.th/Portals/0/eco_datas/account/gpp/GPP%1998-2001zip |date= 2012 }}</ref> Nationwide poverty fell from 21.3 to 11.3 percent.

== [[1996 Thai general election]] ==

He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1996, representing Bangkok's 13th constituency. After New Aspiration's electoral victory, He became a deputy prime minister and Minister of Education. The Member of the Constitutional Drafting Council was elected by the [[National Assembly (Thailand)]] on 26 December 1996,<ref> https://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2540/D/002/13.PDF</ref> after [[1996 Thai general election]].

The [[1997 constitution of Thailand]] was the achievement of him as deputy prime minister and education minister of [[Chavalit Yongchaiyudh]] Cabinet (November 1996- November 1997). The Prime Minister resigned after [[1997 Asian financial crisis]]. <ref> Thai Prime Minister Quits https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/04/world/thai-prime-minister-quits-a-casualty-of-economic-crisis.html</ref>

The [[constitution of Thailand]] enacted on 11 October 1997 to replace the 1991 Constitution, and was widely hailed as a landmark in Thai democratic constitutional reform as well as his 1995 education reform.

The 1997 constitution was the first constitution to be drafted by a popularly elected Constitutional Drafting Assembly, hence was popularly called the "'''People's Constitution'''".<ref name="Criminal Justice">Kittipong Kittayarak, [http://www.unafei.or.jp/english/pdf/PDF_rms/no60/ch06.pdf The Thai Constitution of 1997 and its Implication on Criminal Justice Reform] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614033157/http://www.unafei.or.jp/english/pdf/PDF_rms/no60/ch06.pdf |date=2007-06-14 }}</ref> The 1997 constitution created a [[bicameral legislature]]. For the first time in Thai history, both houses were [[directly elected]]. Many [[human rights]] are explicitly acknowledged in the text, and measures were established to increase the stability of elected governments.

There are [[List of massacres in Thailand]] before and after the "'''People's Constitution'''" and it is remained the only one with out any violence.Moreover, he served as [[Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization|the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization]] (SEAMEO) <ref> https://elibrary.ksp.or.th/doc_num.php?explnum_id=4954</ref>

===[[Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia)]]===

The United Nations (VIENNA) announced that “South East Asian and Chinese Ministers Step up Joint Efforts To Fight Drug Production, Trafficking, Abuse Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, Viet Nam Endorse UN Initiatives “<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/press/releases/press_release_1997-07-11_1.html | title=UNODC - Press Release UNIS/NAR/609 }}</ref>
The Golden Triangle was one of the world's two largest opium producing areas in 1995.
11 July 1997 His Excellency [[Sukavich Rangsitpol]], Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education of Thailand held the meeting of six East Asian countries in Bangkok, to endorse a number of new measures. He aimed at strengthening cooperation to combat drug abuse and trafficking in the subregion. The six countries are Cambodia, China, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Viet Nam and Thailand.
They participated in the areas of law enforcement, demand reduction and eradication of illicit crops under a 1993 agreement with the Vienna-based UN International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP).
After two-day meeting,consultation of senior officials of the six Governments and the UNDCP, launched several new drug control projects, which results in including an arrangement to improve the exchange of intelligence on trafficking syndicates and the programmes to train police, the customs, the prosecutorial and the judicial staff.Moreover Myanmar, China and the UNDCP agreed on a project combining drug control and help to provide basic needs for poor people in the Wa region of Myanmar's Eastern Shan State, near the Chinese border.
The proposed of the Wa project was to strengthen communities and to provide them with alternative means of livelihood so that they can abandon cultivation of opium poppy. According to the UNDCP, the region formed by adjacent border areas of Lao PDR, Myanmar and Thailand was one of the world's two largest opium plantations . Cambodia, China and Viet Nam were transit countries for the heroin production of the opium and sent exclusively to North America.

Chemicals used to process heroin from opium, or for production of amphetamine-type stimulants, are also trafficked across national frontiers.

The National Frontier was the route for the drug’s trafficking to deliver Chemical used to process heroin from opium and the ingredient to produce type stimulants amphetamine.The Ministers also agreed to step up efforts to prevent the demand for illicit drugs.
Rangsitpol was the chairman of the ministerial meeting. The others were Mathly Rim Skadavy, Special Advisor to the Minister of Interior of Cambodia; Bai Jingfu, Vice-Commissioner of the National Narcotics Control Commissioner and Vice-Minister of Public Security of China; Soubanh Srithirath, Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs and Chairman of the Commission for Drug Control of the Lao PDR; Lt. General Maung Thint, Minister for Border Areas, National Races and Development Affairs of Myanmar; and Hoang Duc Nghi, Chairman of the National Drug Control Programme and Minister of the Committee for Ethnic Minorities and Mountainous Areas of Viet Nam.
Because of his education reform for all Thai children,he have journeyed tens of thousands of kilometers, visited thousands of schools and talked to tens of thousands of students teachers and school administrators.
While he was in the northern Thailand he learned that the UNDCP, the subregion has been experiencing a recent upsurge in abuse of heroin and synthetic stimulants. After he help Them updated their drug control action plan to better reflect the current abuse, production and trafficking patterns in the region as well as recent developments in national and regional drug control policies mandated by the earlier plan.The earlier plan was adopted at a ministerial meeting held in Beijing in 1995. The UNDCP ‘s 11 projects in the areas of demand reduction, crop reduction and law enforcement. Was cooperating by the six countries since 1995.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nick.assumption.edu/WebVAX/Nation/Bernstein16Dec96.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040601155140/http://nick.assumption.edu/WebVAX/Nation/Bernstein16Dec96.html | archive-date=2004-06-01 | title=The Nation - People of the Opiate - 12/16/96 }}</ref>
The delegation also suggested that investments in infrastructure and hotels would be better choice in the globalization world .<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/10/14/drugs-investigators-close-asian-el-chapo-centre-vast-meth-ring/ | title=Drugs investigators close in on Asian 'El Chapo' at centre of vast meth ring | newspaper=The Telegraph | date=14 October 2019 | last1=Smith | first1=Nicola }}</ref> There had been reported that the [[Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia)]] ‘s poppy cultivation decreased more than 80 percent from 1998.<ref>https://www.unodc.org/roseap/uploads/archive/documents/2009/03/cnd/MOU_Poster_small.pdf</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.academia.edu/43054905 | title=EDUCATION FOR LIFE : THAILAnd's MOST IMPORTANT CHALLENGE His Excellency SUKAVICH RANGSITPOL Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education Royal Thai Government to the FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS CLUB OF THAILAND }}</ref>

== [[2001 Thai general election]] ==

After the election in 2001, [[Thaksin Shinawatra]], the Leader of [[Thai Rak Thai Party|the Thai Rak Thai Party]], became prime minister. The [[New Aspiration Party]] joined the government . Shortly after that [[New Aspiration Party|New Aspiration Party was]] merged with the Thai Rak Thai Party.

He joined the Thai Rak Thai party (governing party) with Gen. Chavalit Yongchaiyudh. [[Chalerm Yubamrung]] returned to be the Leader of the Mass Party Chingchai Mongkoltham and decided to continue the [[New Aspiration Party]]. While Lieutenant Colonel Thita Rangsitpol Manitkul<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ryt9.com/s/refg/228864|title=รายชื่อผู้ได้รับเลือกตั้งเป็นส.ส.แบบบัญชีรายชื่อ - ความหวังใ...|website=Ryt9.com|accessdate= 14 February 2019}}</ref> WRTA join the opposition party and became Deputy Secretary of the Democrat party. <ref>พ.ท.หญิง ฐิฏา เองเป็นสมาชิกพรรคประชาธิปัตย์ตั้งแต่ปี 2545 และเป็นอดีต ส.ส.พรรคประชาธิปัตย์ https://www.77kaoded.com/news/jenpasit/2214410#google_vignette </ref> Colonel Thita Rangsitpol Manitku remains the only MP moving from the opposition party government during her tenure as a member of the House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thailandtwilight.wordpress.com/2009/01/07/%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%aa%e0%b9%89-%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%98%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a3-%e0%b8%9c%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%8d%e0%b9%81%e0%b8%9c%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%99-45/|title=ลากไส้ "พันธมาร" ผลาญแผ่นดิน (ตอนที่ 8 ทักษิณ 2)|date=7 January 2009|website=Thailandtwilight.wordpress.com|accessdate=14 February 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/homeEx-Member-can-join-any-party-58891.html |title=Ex-members can join any party - the Nation |website=www.nationmultimedia.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011142925/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/homeEx-Member-can-join-any-party-58891.html |archive-date=11 October 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

== [[2005 Thai general election]] ==

He was re-elected as a representative of the TRT party list. As one of 111 executive members of the TRT, he was banned from political activities for five years after the [[2006 Thai coup d'état|2006 coup d'état]]. He expressed no wish to return to politics after the ban expired.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.siamintelligence.com/111-return-subtle-impact/ |title=การกลับมาของบ้านเลขที่ 111 ไม่มีอะไรเปลี่ยนแปลงที่ "หลังฉาก" |newspaper=Siam Intelligence |date=5 June 2012 |language=Thai |access-date=12 November 2018 |archive-date=25 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325114416/http://www.siamintelligence.com/111-return-subtle-impact/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Awards and recognition ==
# 1995 Thailand Education Reform
# 1996 "During his trip to the Philippines, H.E. Mr. Sukavich Rangsitpol was conferred an Honorary Degree of Doctor of Education by the Philippine Normal University. His will to reform education and strong leadership in educational management were highly commended."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.seameo.org/vl/library/dlwelcome/photogallery/president/sukavich.htm | title=H e Mr Sukavich Rangsitpol }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.seameo.org/vl/library/dlwelcome/photogallery/president/sukavich.htm | title=SEAMEO Secretariat }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.seameo.org/vl/library/dlwelcome/photogallery/president/sukavich.htm |title=H e Mr Sukavich Rangsitpol |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904100222/https://www.seameo.org/vl/library/dlwelcome/photogallery/president/sukavich.htm |archive-date=4 September 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
# 1997 ACEID awards for excellence in education<ref>https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000114483 {{Bare URL inline|date=October 2022}}</ref>
# 1998 Educational innovation and information<ref>https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000141834 {{Bare URL inline|date=October 2022}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
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[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Thammasat University alumni|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:Asian Institute of Management people]]
[[Category:Chevron Corporation people]]
[[Category:Chevron Corporation people]]
[[Category:Texaco people]]
[[Category:Thai chief executives]]
[[Category:Thai chief executives|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:New Aspiration Party politicians]]
[[Category:New Aspiration Party politicians|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:Thai Rak Thai Party politicians]]
[[Category:Thai Rak Thai Party politicians|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of Thailand]]
[[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of Thailand|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:Ministers of Education of Thailand]]
[[Category:Ministers of Education of Thailand|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of Thailand]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of Thailand|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Thailand)]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Thailand)|Sukavich Rangsitpol]]

Revision as of 20:43, 5 December 2023

Sukavich Rangsitpol
Born (1935-12-05) December 5, 1935 (age 88)
Bangkok, Thailand
Known forChairman of Expressway Authority of Thailand (1993–1994)
Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand (1994), (1996)
Minister of Education (1995–1996)
SpousePewpong (Narongdej/Suwanamas) (1964)
ChildrenThita Rangsitpol Manitkul – daughter,
Thitiporn Rangsitpol Suwatanapongched – daughter,[1][2][3]
Natthapol Rangsitpol – son[4][5]

Sukavich Rangsitpol (Thai: สุขวิช รังสิตพล RTGS: Sukkhawit Rangsitphon; born 5 December 1935) is a Thai business executive and politician. He served as deputy prime minister (1994, 1996–97) and minister of education (1995–97) of Thailand.[6]

Life and career

Sukavich completed a bachelor's degree in political science at Thammasat University in 1960 and the Management Development Program of Asian Institute of Management, Manila in 1976. He started working as a sales representative for Caltex Oil Thailand in 1961, being promoted to sales supervisor, district manager, general sales manager and general manager over the following decades. He finally served as chairman and managing director of that company during the early 1990s.[7]

Sukavich was Senator in 1987,[8] National Legislative Assembly in 1991,[9] and Senator Thai Senate in 1992.

Between 1993 and 1994 he was the governor of the Expressway and Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand (ETA).[10]

In 1994, Sukavich joined the New Aspiration Party (NAP) of retired general Chavalit Yongchaiyudh and was appointed deputy prime minister in Chuan Leekpai's cabinet in October of the same year.[11] Together with Chamlong Srimuang and transport minister Vichit Surapongchai he formed a team to tackle Bangkok's traffic problems.[12] However, he lost that position after a few weeks. Sukavich was appointed minister of education in Banharn Silpa-archa's cabinet in July 1995. In addition, he was the secretary-general of the NAP from 1995 to 1997. He was alleged to have contributed 100 million baht to the party's campaign fund.[11]

As Minister of Education, Sukavich launched a series of education reforms in 1995. The aim was to enhance the quality of education from 1995 to achieve educational excellence by 2007.[13]

He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1996, representing Bangkok's 13th constituency. After New Aspiration's electoral victory, Sukavich again was a deputy prime minister in Chavalit Yongchaiyudh's cabinet in addition to his post as Minister of Education. Moreover, he served as Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) council president in 1996.[14]

He was involved in a long-running scandal over the purchase of overpriced computers for schools,[11] but was cleared of any wrongdoing during a subsequent defamation suit.[15] Sukavich was also criticised for keeping in force a ban on "gender/sex deviant" and "wrong-gendered" (i.e. homosexual and transsexual) students at the Rajabhat teacher training institutes,[16] saying that "homosexuals are no different to drug addicts who need treatment. ... I do not want these people to be role models for children." He retired from the ministerial post in August 1997, being replaced by his intra-party rival Chingchai Mongcoltam, who lifted the anti-gay ban.[17]

Sukavich also lost the deputy premiership in November 1997 when Chavalit was ousted by a no-confidence vote during the Asian financial crisis.

In 2001 Sukavich was re-elected as member of parliament, being number three of the New Aspiration Party list. Together with party leader Chavalit Yongchaiyudh and most of the NAP lawmakers, he switched to the Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT) of prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra later in the same year.

In 2005, he was re-elected once again, this time a representative of the TRT party list. As one of 111 executive members of the TRT, he was banned from political activities for five years after the 2006 coup d'état. He expressed no wish to return to politics after the ban expired.[18]

References

  1. ^ "Thitiporn Rangsitpol Suwatanapongched - Google Scholar Citations". scholar.google.com.
  2. ^ [1][dead link]
  3. ^ "CV" (PDF). medinfo2.psu.ac.th. Retrieved 2019-09-29.
  4. ^ [2][dead link]
  5. ^ "Board of Directors | Thailand Automotive Institute". www.thaiauto.or.th.
  6. ^ "Nattapol Rangsitpol: Executive Profile & Biography". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2019-06-27.
  7. ^ "Sukavich Rangsitpol: Chairman and Managing Director, Caltex Oil (Thailand) Limited". Business Review. 21: 30. 1992.
  8. ^ Royal Thai Government Gazette. 104 (74): 4. 19 April 1987. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ^ Royal Thai Government Gazette. 108 (53): 13. 25 March 1991 http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2534/A/053/1.PDF. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. ^ Paul Handley (1993). "Road to Nowhere: Thais and investors continue to haggle over highway". Far Eastern Economic Review. p. 152.
  11. ^ a b c Tom Wingfield (2002). "Democratization and economic crisis in Thailand". In Edmund Terence Gomez (ed.). Political Business in East Asia. Routledge. p. 269.
  12. ^ Economist Intelligence Unit, ed. (1994). Country Report: Thailand, Myanmar (Burma). p. 21.
  13. ^ Dachakupt, Pimpan (1999). "The current innovation in curriculum development in Thailand". International Journal of Curriculum Development and Practice. 1: 93–101. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
  14. ^ "Visits of the SEAMEO Council President 1996". SEAMEO Library. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
  15. ^ "All Quiet on Western Front". Bangkok Post. 28 February 2002.
  16. ^ Rosalind C. Morris (1997). "Educating Desire: Thailand, Transnationalism, Transgression". In Phillip Brian Harper (ed.). Queer Transexions of Race, Nation, and Gender. Duke University Press. pp. 53–79, at p. 54.
  17. ^ Peter A. Jackson (2002). "Offending Images: Gender Sexual Minorities, and State Control of the Media in Thailand". In Russell H. K. Heng (ed.). Media Fortunes, Changing Times: ASEAN States in Transition. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 216–217.
  18. ^ "การกลับมาของบ้านเลขที่ 111 ไม่มีอะไรเปลี่ยนแปลงที่ "หลังฉาก"". Siam Intelligence. 5 June 2012. [dead link]

External links

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