House of Mihran: Difference between revisions
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First mentioned in a mid-3rd-century CE trilingual inscription at the ''[[Ka'ba-i Zartosht]]'', concerning the political, military, and religious activities of [[Shapur I]], the second Sassanid [[Sassanid Empire|king of Iran]], the family remained the hereditary "[[margrave]]s" of [[Ray, Iran|Ray]] throughout the Sassanid period. Several members of the family served as generals in the [[Roman–Persian Wars]], where they are mentioned simply as Mihran or {{lang|el|Μιρράνης}}, ''mirranēs'', in [[Greek language|Greek]] sources. Indeed, [[Procopius]], in his ''History of the Wars'', holds that the family name ''Mihran'' is a title equivalent to General.<ref>Procopius, ''History of the Wars: The Persian War'', [[s:History of the Wars/Book I#XIII|I.13.16]]</ref><ref>Dodgeon, Greatrex, Lieu (1991), p. xx</ref> |
First mentioned in a mid-3rd-century CE trilingual inscription at the ''[[Ka'ba-i Zartosht]]'', concerning the political, military, and religious activities of [[Shapur I]], the second Sassanid [[Sassanid Empire|king of Iran]], the family remained the hereditary "[[margrave]]s" of [[Ray, Iran|Ray]] throughout the Sassanid period. Several members of the family served as generals in the [[Roman–Persian Wars]], where they are mentioned simply as Mihran or {{lang|el|Μιρράνης}}, ''mirranēs'', in [[Greek language|Greek]] sources. Indeed, [[Procopius]], in his ''History of the Wars'', holds that the family name ''Mihran'' is a title equivalent to General.<ref>Procopius, ''History of the Wars: The Persian War'', [[s:History of the Wars/Book I#XIII|I.13.16]]</ref><ref>Dodgeon, Greatrex, Lieu (1991), p. xx</ref> |
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Notable generals from the Mihran clan included: [[Perozes]], the Persian commander-in-chief during the [[Anastasian War]]<ref>Procopius, ''The Buildings'', [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Procopius/Buildings/2*.html#ref7 II.2.19]</ref> and the [[Battle of Dara]],<ref>Procopius, ''History of the Wars: The Persian War'', [[s:History of the Wars/Book I#XIII|I.13]]–[[s:History of the Wars/Book I#XIV|14]]</ref> [[Golon Mihran]], who fought against the Byzantines in Armenia in 572–573,<ref>Dodgeon, Greatrex, Lieu (1991), pp. 149–150</ref> and [[Bahram Chobin]],<ref>Yarshater (1968), p. 163</ref> who led a coup against [[Khosrau II]] and briefly usurped the crown from 590 to 591.<ref>A. Sh. Shahbazi. [http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v3f5/v3f5a039.html Bahrām]. ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica|Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition]]''. Accessed October 15, 2007.</ref> |
Notable generals from the Mihran clan included: [[Perozes]], the Persian commander-in-chief during the [[Anastasian War]]<ref>Procopius, ''The Buildings'', [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Procopius/Buildings/2*.html#ref7 II.2.19]</ref> and the [[Battle of Dara]],<ref>Procopius, ''History of the Wars: The Persian War'', [[s:History of the Wars/Book I#XIII|I.13]]–[[s:History of the Wars/Book I#XIV|14]]</ref> [[Golon Mihran]], who fought against the Byzantines in Armenia in 572–573,<ref>Dodgeon, Greatrex, Lieu (1991), pp. 149–150</ref> and [[Bahram Chobin]],<ref>Yarshater (1968), p. 163</ref> who led a coup against [[Khosrau II]] and briefly usurped the crown from 590 to 591.<ref>A. Sh. Shahbazi. [http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v3f5/v3f5a039.html Bahrām] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215183327/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v3f5/v3f5a039.html |date=2007-12-15 }}. ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica|Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition]]''. Accessed October 15, 2007.</ref> |
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In the course of the 4th century, the purported branches of this family acquired the crowns of three [[Caucasus|Caucasia]]n polities: [[Caucasian Iberia|Iberia]] ([[Chosroids]]), [[Gogarene]] and [[Caucasian Albania]]/[[Gardman]] ([[Mihranids]]).<ref>[[Cyril Toumanoff|Toumanoff, Cyril]]. Introduction to Christian Caucasian History, II: States and Dynasties of the Formative Period. ''Traditio'' 17 (1961), p. 38.</ref> |
In the course of the 4th century, the purported branches of this family acquired the crowns of three [[Caucasus|Caucasia]]n polities: [[Caucasian Iberia|Iberia]] ([[Chosroids]]), [[Gogarene]] and [[Caucasian Albania]]/[[Gardman]] ([[Mihranids]]).<ref>[[Cyril Toumanoff|Toumanoff, Cyril]]. Introduction to Christian Caucasian History, II: States and Dynasties of the Formative Period. ''Traditio'' 17 (1961), p. 38.</ref> |
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Revision as of 07:31, 7 November 2017
The House of Mihrān or House of Mehrān was a leading Iranian noble family (šahrdārān), one of the Seven Great Houses of the Sassanid Persian Empire which claimed descent from the earlier Arsacid dynasty.[1] A branch of the family formed the Mihranid line of the kings of Caucasian Albania and the Chosroid Dynasty of Kartli.[2]
History
First mentioned in a mid-3rd-century CE trilingual inscription at the Ka'ba-i Zartosht, concerning the political, military, and religious activities of Shapur I, the second Sassanid king of Iran, the family remained the hereditary "margraves" of Ray throughout the Sassanid period. Several members of the family served as generals in the Roman–Persian Wars, where they are mentioned simply as Mihran or Μιρράνης, mirranēs, in Greek sources. Indeed, Procopius, in his History of the Wars, holds that the family name Mihran is a title equivalent to General.[3][4]
Notable generals from the Mihran clan included: Perozes, the Persian commander-in-chief during the Anastasian War[5] and the Battle of Dara,[6] Golon Mihran, who fought against the Byzantines in Armenia in 572–573,[7] and Bahram Chobin,[8] who led a coup against Khosrau II and briefly usurped the crown from 590 to 591.[9]
In the course of the 4th century, the purported branches of this family acquired the crowns of three Caucasian polities: Iberia (Chosroids), Gogarene and Caucasian Albania/Gardman (Mihranids).[10]
The much later Samanid dynasty that ruled most of Iran in the 9th and 10th centuries claimed descent from Bahrām Chōbin[11][12][13][14] and thus the House of Mihran, though the veracity of this claim is unclear.
References
- ^ Yarshater (1968), p. xlii
- ^ Yarshater (1968), p. lviii
- ^ Procopius, History of the Wars: The Persian War, I.13.16
- ^ Dodgeon, Greatrex, Lieu (1991), p. xx
- ^ Procopius, The Buildings, II.2.19
- ^ Procopius, History of the Wars: The Persian War, I.13–14
- ^ Dodgeon, Greatrex, Lieu (1991), pp. 149–150
- ^ Yarshater (1968), p. 163
- ^ A. Sh. Shahbazi. Bahrām Archived 2007-12-15 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition. Accessed October 15, 2007.
- ^ Toumanoff, Cyril. Introduction to Christian Caucasian History, II: States and Dynasties of the Formative Period. Traditio 17 (1961), p. 38.
- ^ Britannica, "The Samanids", Their eponym was Sāmān-Khodā, a landlord in the district of Balkh and, according to the dynasty’s claims, a descendant of Bahrām Chūbīn, the Sāsānian general.[1] or [2]
- ^ Kamoliddin, Shamsiddin S. "To the Question of the Origin of the Samanids", Transoxiana: Journal Libre de Estudios Orientales, ]
- ^ Iran and America: Re-Kind[l]ing a Love Lost By Badi Badiozamani, Ghazal Badiozamani, pg. 123
- ^ History of Bukhara by Narshakhi, Chapter XXIV, Pg 79
Sources
- Dodgeon, Michael H.; Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. (2002). The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part I, 226–363 AD). Routledge. ISBN 0-415-00342-3.
- Yarshater, Ehsan (1968). The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3 : The Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian periods. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-20092-9.