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→‎Fall of Goojacadde and Maraaga bases: Dramatic restructure of the section to abide by WP:NPOV, this entire sections could maybe be cut down further or merged with other conflict sections in the article
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==Fall of Goojacadde and Maraaga bases==
==Fall of Goojacadde and Maraaga bases==
On August 25, the SSC and allied [[Harti]] forces claimed they had defeated two fortified positions held by the [[Somaliland Army]] in Maraaga and Gojacadde, after encircling them. Conflict subsequently erupted in [[Dhabansaar]] between SSC and [[Somaliland]] forces, allegedly lasting roughly an hour. According to the SSC, units belonging to them then advanced toward [[Tuulo Samakaab]], before taking control of routes between [[Laascaanood]] and [[Oog]] and allegedly as far as [[Yagoori]] and Guumeys. SSC-Khatuno claimed this advance resulted in the capture of a substantial amount of military equipment, including several [[T-54/T-55]] tanks, multiple [[ZU-23-2]] anti-aircraft aitocannons, eight [[Fiat CM6614]] vehicles, at least one [[BM-21 Grad|BM-21]] multiple rocket launcher, and various undisclosed military assets. They also claimed a significant quantity of weaponry was neutralized during this operation,<ref name="auto2" /> as well as
On August 25, the SSC and their allied [[Harti]] forces achieved an overwhelming victory by decisively defeating two heavily fortified strongholds held by the [[Somaliland Army]] in Maraaga and Gojacadde, skilfully employing a double envelopment tactic. Subsequently, a fierce conflict erupted in [[Dhabansaar]] between SSC and [[Somaliland]] forces, lasting for an intense one-hour battle. The SSC forces once again emerged victorious and continued their advance towards [[Tuulo Samakaab]]. They successfully severed the vital transportation route connecting [[Laascaanood]] and [[Oog]] with their momentum carrying them forward to [[Yagoori]] and Guumeys. This advance resulted in the capture of a substantial amount of military equipment, including several [[T-54/T-55]] tanks, multiple [[ZU-23-2]] anti-aircraft aitocannons, eight [[Fiat CM6614]] vehicles, at least one [[BM-21 Grad|BM-21]] multiple rocket launcher, and various undisclosed military assets. Additionally, a significant quantity of weaponry was neutralized during this operation.<ref name="auto2" /> During this battle, General Faisal Abdi Bootan, the commander of Somaliland Army's 12th division, was captured along with his security personnel. He was apprehended while attempting to escape to [[Oog]] using an ambulance vehicle in an effort to conceal his identity. Reports further suggest that his entire division suffered severe casualties at the Maraaga fronts, ultimately leading to its near annihilation.<ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1695168968745447709|user=dhoorebbc|title=A significant development during this engagement was the capture of nearly 400 Prisoners of War (POWs) from Somaliland forces in both Maraaga and Goja'adde, including injured soldiers. This achievement was made possible after the entire battalions of the Somaliland army in Maraaga were effectively disbanded, largely attributed to the capture of their communication assets located at the strategically vital Buurta Ateenada, commonly known as the "Hill of the Antenna." Unconfirmed reports suggest that SSC-Khatumo commando agents executed a daring and covert infiltration into the heart of the Maraaga command center during the early hours of the battle. Leveraging their intimate knowledge of the terrain and the Somaliland army's radio systems, these agents skilfully manipulated and misled the scattered Somaliland army units. This tactical maneuver underscores the prowess and effectiveness of SSC-Khatumo's operations in the Maraaga front. A spokesperson for SSC-Khatumo declared a significant triumph on that Friday, emphasizing the capture of all nearby Somaliland military outposts and the confiscation of their military vehicles, weapons, and ammunition stockpiles. Simultaneously, the Somaliland Ministry of Defence issued a statement affirming the ongoing reorganization and heightened preparedness of the National Army to confront the adversary. Ministry of Defense JSL|df=dmy}}</ref> On the same day, the Somaliland Ministry of Defense released a statement saying, "The National Army is in the midst of reorganization and serious preparation to confront the enemy."<ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1695084481755992280|user=SomalilandMod|title=Ciidanka Qaranku waxay ku jiraan dib-isku-habayn iyo diyaargarow culus oo cadowga lagaga hortagayo. Wasaaradda Gaashaandhiga JSL|author=Ministry of Defence {{!}} Somaliland|author-link=Ministry of Defence (Somaliland)|trans-title=The National Army is in the midst of reorganization and serious preparations to confront the enemy. Ministry of Defense JSL|df=dmy}}</ref>
the commander of Somaliland Army's 12th division along with his security personnel, who was alleged attempted to escape to [[Oog]] using an ambulance.<ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1695168968745447709|user=dhoorebbc|df=dmy}}</ref> The Somaliland Ministry of Defense released a statement in the aftermath of the offensive, "The National Army is in the midst of reorganization and serious preparation to confront the enemy."<ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1695084481755992280|user=SomalilandMod|title=Ciidanka Qaranku waxay ku jiraan dib-isku-habayn iyo diyaargarow culus oo cadowga lagaga hortagayo. Wasaaradda Gaashaandhiga JSL|author=Ministry of Defence {{!}} Somaliland|author-link=Ministry of Defence (Somaliland)|trans-title=The National Army is in the midst of reorganization and serious preparations to confront the enemy. Ministry of Defense JSL|df=dmy}}</ref>


The fall of Goojacadde marked the end of [[Somaliland]]'s nearly fifteen years of rule in the [[Khatumo State|SSC-Khatumo]] regions. It also revealed the overwhelming opposition to the secessionist ideology, primarily supported by the [[Isaaq]] clan in the north. These events have united the people of the SSC regions, where the entire traditional leaders staunchly supported and rallied behind the popular movements against Somaliland's presence in [[Laascaanood]], underscoring the collective sentiment against secessionism in these regions. {{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}
The fall of Goojacadde marked the end of [[Somaliland]]'s nearly fifteen years of rule in the [[Khatumo State|SSC-Khatumo]] regions. It also revealed the overwhelming opposition to the secessionist ideology, primarily supported by the [[Isaaq]] clan in the north. These events have united the people of the SSC regions, where the entire traditional leaders staunchly supported and rallied behind the popular movements against Somaliland's presence in [[Laascaanood]], underscoring the collective sentiment against secessionism in these regions. {{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}


The alleged offensive was called the first major victory the SSC administration since the conflict's initiation in February between the SNA and SSC.
This triumph is celebrated as a significant milestone for the SSC administration since the conflict's initiation in February between the opposing factions. Following an unexpected setback, the remaining forces of the Somaliland military have sought refuge in Dhodida, situated to the northwest, aiming to regroup and recover.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=25 August 2023 |title=SSC-Khaatumo Forces Capture Somaliland's Biggest and Last Military Base in Sool |url=https://halqabsi.com/2023/08/ssc-khaatumo-forces-capture-goojacade/ |access-date=22 October 2023 |website=Halqabsi News}}</ref>

With Lasaanood now serving as the command centre for the SSC-Khatumo administration, their spokesperson underscored the magnitude of Friday’s triumph. They proudly announced the acquisition of all adjoining [[Somaliland]] military outposts, further enhancing their arsenal with seized war [[Military vehicle|vehicles]] and significant stocks of [[Weapon|weaponry]] and [[ammunition]].<ref name=":2" />


On 1 September, the [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] stated it had collected 43 bodies from fighting in Las Anod.<ref name=":1" />
On 1 September, the [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] stated it had collected 43 bodies from fighting in Las Anod.<ref name=":1" />

Revision as of 13:37, 9 January 2024

Las Anod conflict
Part of the Somali Civil War

Map of the 2023 Las Anod conflict[3][4]
  Under control of Somaliland
  Under control of SSC-Khatumo Administration
Date6 February 2023 – present (1 year, 4 months and 3 days)
Location
Las Anod
Result

Ongoing

Belligerents

 Somaliland[1]

Alleged support:

 Djibouti (denied by Djibouti)[2]

 Somalia

Commanders and leaders
Somaliland Muse Bihi Abdi
Somaliland Nuh Ismail Tani
Somaliland Faisal Abdi Bootan  (POW)		 Khatumo Abdikhadir Ahmed Aw Ali
Units involved
 Somaliland National Army
Casualties and losses
Several captured[15] Unknown
~343 people dead[16][15]
154,000-203,000 civilians displaced[17]
600 wounded[18]

The Las Anod conflict is an ongoing armed conflict between the Somaliland National Army and the SSC-Khatumo forces of the Dhulbahante in Las Anod, the capital of the Sool region.[1][19][20] Fighting erupted on February 6 after Somaliland security forces held a violent crackdown on civil protests.[21][22] On February 8, the supreme Garad of Dhulbahante, Garad Jama Garad Ali, declared an intent to secede and reunite with the Federal Government of Somalia.[23][24]

The conflict has killed over 300 people and displaced 153,000–203,000 refugees. Citizens have been displaced en-masse externally to Buuhodle and the Ethiopian border, internally to SSC-Khatumo territories of Taleh, Hudun, Buuhodle, or to Puntland cities – most commonly Garowe, Galkacyo and Burtinle.[25][17] On March 16, Somaliland troops were reported to be shelling civilians from the surrounding area.[26] In late April, Amnesty International released a report, determining that Somaliland security forces' indiscriminate shelling of Las Anod had damaged schools, mosques, and hospitals, and killed and injured civilians.[27]

Background

Main article: Somaliland–Puntland dispute
Further information: Battle of Las Anod (2007)
Las Anod at night, circa 2021

Las Anod had been controlled by Somaliland since 2007, Since the local Puntland militia switched loyalties. The clan militias supporting Somaliland were loyal to Ahmed Abdi Habsade, a Puntland minister who defected to Somaliland and then returned to Puntland.[28][29] In particular, the security situation reported to have severely declined under Somaliland's control. The Raad Peace Research Institute in Mogadishu reported that "120 prominent clan and community leaders were assassinated" between 2007 and 2022 in the city proper.[30]

In December 2022, civil demonstration and unrest began to spread northwest across the Sool region, from Taleh to Kalabaydh, Hudun, Boocame and Tukaraq, driven by perceived political marginalization in Somaliland.[31] The protests were triggered by the death of Abdifatah Abdulli Hadrawi, a popular politician in the Waddani opposition party.[32] When the mass civil demonstration reached Las Anod, Somaliland security forces held a violent crackdown on the protestors in the final week of December 2022 which killed 20 people. Following bilateral talks, Somaliland troops retreated from the city to their Sool outposts to prevent further violence.[22]

Clashes

Following mass protest that continued from December into January 2023, the retreat of the Somaliland troops paved the way for the return of the supreme Garad of Dhulbahante, Garad Jama Garad Ali – a community leader exiled from Las Anod since 2007.[23] Rumor spread of a grand meeting of all Dhulbahante clan elders, followed by speculation that the elders would vote to exile Somaliland security forces from the city.[33] On 6 February 2023, the Dhulbahante clan elders declared their intent to form a state government named "SSC-Khatumo" within the Federal Government of Somalia.[1] Fighting broke out earlier on the same day in Las Anod between Somaliland troops and Dhulbahante militias in the Sayadka Hill suburb (reportedly home to two committee members), with shots heard in the streets surrounding Hamd Hotel where Somaliland dignitaries were staying.[34]

On 8 February, the supreme Garad of Dhulbahante, Garad Jama Garad Ali, accused the Somaliland government of genocide, called for peace and declared Las Anod's intent to self-determination and be governed from Mogadishu under the Federal Government of Somalia.[35][23] Within the same week of February, fighting and civilian bombardments had killed at least 82 people in total and displaced 90% of the residents. The region had produced 185,000 internally displaced people and 60,000 refugees in February.[36] On 2 March, the mayor of Las Anod reported that Somaliland forces were bombing public buildings from the surrounding countryside including government institutions and hospitals. The UN also reported a casualty count of over 200 deaths.[37]

A number of fellow Harti-Darod (including Warsangali, Dashiishe & Majeerteen) clans have announced their support for the Las Anod Dhulbahante and sent armed contingents to the city.[38][39][7] The Dhulbahante are receiving money, equipment and fighters from allied Darod-Harti clans in Somalia - the Warsangali and Majeerteen.[38][39]

On 20 April, Amnesty International released a report concluding a 2-month human rights investigation into the Las Anod conflict. The report called for an urgent investigation into the conflict, including interviews from local citizens describing shrapnel and mortar shell deaths.[27] The report also included photos of indiscriminate 107mm rocket shelling from Somaliland security forces – confirming use of weapons banned as part of the current UN Somali arms embargo.[27][40]

SSC-Khatumo holds Independence Day celebration in Las Anod

On 7 June, the UN Security Council released a statement reaffirming its full respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, and unity of Somalia. They also stated, "The members of the Security Council called for the immediate withdrawal of 'Somaliland' security forces and urged all parties to exercise restraint, refrain from provocative actions, incitement to violence, and inflammatory rhetoric. This is in order to de-escalate the situation on the ground, rebuild trust, and create the conditions for peace."[41] The following day, the Somaliland Ministry of Foreign Affairs released a statement expressing their view that the UNSC "appears to be misinformed about the facts on the ground."[42]

On 11 July, Somaliland troops were reported to have shelled a health facilities and public infrastructures in Las Anod, destroying 2 ambulances and causing dozens of casualties (including healthcare workers and patients).[43] The World Health Organization published a press release condemning the attack on the facility and the shelling of hospitals.[44] In response, the Somaliland Ministry of Foreign Affairs described the statement as "disturbing" and claimed that they were fighting clan militias and Al-Shabaab terrorists, to ensure "that those in need have access to these services and other humanitarian assistance".[45]

On 16 August, famous Somali traditional poet Abwan Jama Kadiye was reportedly killed by indiscriminate mortar shelling in Las Anod. Both Somaliland and SCC-Khatumo blamed each other for his death.[46][47] The incident sparked strong emotions among the residents of Somalia and Khatumo, who were understandably outraged by the loss of a respected poet and community member. Some individuals within Khatumo even expressed a desire for justice and retribution in response to the incident. They indicated a potential intent to take revenge on Somaliland, given their suspicions.[47][48]

Fall of Goojacadde and Maraaga bases

On August 25, the SSC and allied Harti forces claimed they had defeated two fortified positions held by the Somaliland Army in Maraaga and Gojacadde, after encircling them. Conflict subsequently erupted in Dhabansaar between SSC and Somaliland forces, allegedly lasting roughly an hour. According to the SSC, units belonging to them then advanced toward Tuulo Samakaab, before taking control of routes between Laascaanood and Oog and allegedly as far as Yagoori and Guumeys. SSC-Khatuno claimed this advance resulted in the capture of a substantial amount of military equipment, including several T-54/T-55 tanks, multiple ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft aitocannons, eight Fiat CM6614 vehicles, at least one BM-21 multiple rocket launcher, and various undisclosed military assets. They also claimed a significant quantity of weaponry was neutralized during this operation,[5] as well as the commander of Somaliland Army's 12th division along with his security personnel, who was alleged attempted to escape to Oog using an ambulance.[49] The Somaliland Ministry of Defense released a statement in the aftermath of the offensive, "The National Army is in the midst of reorganization and serious preparation to confront the enemy."[50]

The fall of Goojacadde marked the end of Somaliland's nearly fifteen years of rule in the SSC-Khatumo regions. It also revealed the overwhelming opposition to the secessionist ideology, primarily supported by the Isaaq clan in the north. These events have united the people of the SSC regions, where the entire traditional leaders staunchly supported and rallied behind the popular movements against Somaliland's presence in Laascaanood, underscoring the collective sentiment against secessionism in these regions. [citation needed]

The alleged offensive was called the first major victory the SSC administration since the conflict's initiation in February between the SNA and SSC.

On 1 September, the International Committee of the Red Cross stated it had collected 43 bodies from fighting in Las Anod.[15]

Allegations of external actors

In the political fog of the conflict, both sides have alleged the presence of external actors in Las Anod. The Somaliland foreign ministry allege they are fighting foreign armed groups on the Las Anod side including the Somali National Army, Puntland Security Force, Liyu Police fighters,[51] Al-Shabaab fighters and southern Somali states.[52]

All groups accused by Somaliland government have denied claims of organizational involvement:

The Dhulbahante clan accuse the Somaliland side of involving Djiboutian National Police officers and Chinese weaponry smuggled via Djibouti. The Djiboutian government denied these claims.[57]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Haji, Mohammed (20 February 2023). "What's driving conflict in the disputed Somali city of Las Anod?". Al Jazeera English. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2023-06-08. Retrieved 2023-09-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ "ACLED Regional Overview Africa: November 2023 - Burkina Faso | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 2023-12-07. Retrieved 2023-12-23.
  4. ^ "Golaha xoghayayaasha maamulka SSC- Khaatumo oo maanta la siiyay codka kalsoonida" [The board of secretaries of SSC-Khatumo administration was given a vote of confidence today]. Hiiraan Online. 2023-09-25. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  5. ^ a b Staff, Horseed (2023-08-25). "Somalia: SSC Forces Capture Somaliland's Goojacade military Base". Horseed Media. Archived from the original on 2023-08-26. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
  6. ^ Amokeoja, Oluwatomisin (2023-08-25). "SSC Administration Captures Somaliland's Main Military Base". BNN. Archived from the original on 2023-09-04. Retrieved 2023-09-04.
  7. ^ a b c Culay, Shiine. "Ciidankii Majeerteen iyo Warsangeli oo Laascaanood galay". YouTube (in Somali). Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  8. ^ Cabdi, Ciro. "Gurmadkii beesha warsangali oo gudaha ugalay laascaanood". Fcaebook (video) somali. Ali samatar. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  9. ^ Shire, Maxamuud Nadif (25 March 2023). "Daawo: Beesha Ugaar Saleebaan oo ciidamo iyo hub u dirtay Jiida Laascaanood" (video). Facebook (in Somali). Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  10. ^ Delmar, Maxamed Feysal. "Ciidanka beesha cumar maxamuud oo saaka soo Dhaqaaqay". (Video) Facebook in somali. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  11. ^ Hassan, Abdiqani. "Beelweynta Cismaan Maxamuud oo gurmad ciidan u dirtay magaalada Laascaanood". Facebook (video). Horseen Media. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  12. ^ Tv, Sagal. "Ciidankii Ugu Badnaa Ee cali saleebaan oo maanta U dhqaaqay magaalada laascaano, si ay u difaacaan walaalaha reer laascaano". Facebook (video). Sagal Tv. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  13. ^ Media, Dhulmar. "Ciidamadi ugu Badnaa Foolmaroodi ee Beesha siwaaqroon". D. Media. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  14. ^ Abdi, Xabiibo Ladan. "Ciidankii 2aad ee ka socda Beelaha Ciise Maxamuud iyo Bah-dubays ee Cismaan Mohamud oo ka ruuqaansaday deegaanka Birta-dheer ayaa maanta gaarey furimaha dagaalka gobolka Sool". Facebook (video). Golis. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  15. ^ a b c AfricaNews (2023-09-01). "43 bodies collected from clashes in a disputed Somali city – Red Cross". Africanews. Archived from the original on 2023-09-03. Retrieved 2023-09-05.
  16. ^ "More deaths reported as Somaliland army accused of killing prisoners". Garowe Online. 19 March 2023. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
  17. ^ a b "Somalia: Flash Update No. 4 Situation in Laas Caanood, Sool Region, 3 April 2023". OCHA. 4 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  18. ^ "Somaliland: Urgent investigation needed as fighting takes heavy toll on civilians in Las Anod". Amnesty International. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  19. ^ Ross, Will (8 February 2022). "UN urges probe into deadly Somaliland clashes". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2023-03-23. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
  20. ^ "Thousands flee fighting in Somaliland town". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2023-03-27. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  21. ^ Ali, Faisal (7 February 2023). "At least 24 dead in Somaliland fighting". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  22. ^ a b Sheikh-Nor, Mohamed (6 January 2023). "Somaliland Withdraws Troops from Disputed Town to Halt Violence". Voice of America English News. Archived from the original on 15 February 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  23. ^ a b c "Somalia: We are witnessing genocide in Las Anod - elder". Garowe Online. 9 February 2023. Archived from the original on 3 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  24. ^ Ali, Garad Jama (19 March 2023). "BBC World News - Garad Jama Ali declares Dhulbahante intent to merge Sool with federal Somali govt" (video). YouTube. BBC World News. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  25. ^ Kulkarni, Pavan (2023-04-06). "Dozens more killed defending unionist city of Las Anod from separatist Somaliland". Peoples Dispatch. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
  26. ^ "Somalia: Somaliland asked to withdraw troops from SSC regions". Garowe Online. 16 March 2023. Archived from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  27. ^ a b c "Investigate Somaliland killings, says Amnesty International". Amnesty International. 20 April 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  28. ^ "Somalia: Protests in Las Anod against visiting Somaliland ministers". 22 October 2007. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  29. ^ Hoehne, Markus Virgil (2015). "Between Somaliland and Puntland" (PDF). Rift Valley Institute. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2023 – via Reliefweb.
  30. ^ Dhaysane, Mohammed (22 February 2023). "At least 112 people killed in fighting in Somaliland". Anadolu Agency. Archived from the original on 26 February 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  31. ^ Kulkarni, Pavan (18 January 2023). "Protests in Breakaway Somaliland Call for Reunification with Somalia". Toward Freedom. Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  32. ^ "More than 20 'pro-greater Somalia' protesters killed in Lasanod". Garowe Online. 31 December 2022. Archived from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  33. ^ "Grand entry of exiled traditional elders in Las Anod major concerns for Somaliland". Garowe Online. 30 June 2020. Archived from the original on 3 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  34. ^ "Somalia: Fresh fighting breaks out in Las Anod city". Garowe Online. 6 February 2023. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  35. ^ Ali, Garad Jama (19 March 2023). "BBC World News - Garad Jama Ali declares Dulbahante intent to merge Sool with federal Somali govt" (video). YouTube. BBC World News. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  36. ^ Ahmed, Kaamil (22 February 2023). "Tens of thousands of refugees flee from Somaliland clashes". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  37. ^ "More than 200 killed, nearly 700 wounded in Somaliland clashes". TRT World. 2 March 2023. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
  38. ^ a b "Time for Somaliland and the Dhulbahante to Talk". Crisis Group. 2023-05-19. Retrieved 2023-06-03.
  39. ^ a b Hoehne, Markus Virgil (13 June 2023). "Somalia: The Dynamics of Conflict Over Lasanod - Ongoing Fighting, Administration Building, Failed Mediation and Forecast". African Arguments. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  40. ^ "UN extends Somalia arms embargo amid government dissatisfaction". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 2023-04-24.
  41. ^ "Security Council Press Statement on Situation in Somalia". June 7, 2023.
  42. ^ "Hargeisa, Somaliland, June 8th, 2023 - Press Release on UN Security Council's June 7th Statement". June 8, 2023.
  43. ^ "Somaliland expresses deep concern over WHO statement on Las'anod conflict". hornobserver.com. 2023-07-15. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  44. ^ "WHO condemns attack on health care facility in Las Canood, Somaliland". WHO EMRO. Cairo/Mogadishu. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  45. ^ "Somaliland Government Response to WHO Statement Regarding Las'anod". Republic of Somaliland Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
  46. ^ "Abwaan Jaamac Kadiye oo lagu aasay Laascaanood". VOA (in Somali). 2023-08-17. Retrieved 2023-08-28.
  47. ^ a b "Tragedy in Somalia: Renowned Poet Jama Kadiye Elmi Killed in bombardment". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
  48. ^ "Garaad Mukhtaar Garaad Cali Buraale: "Xabaasha Gambara ee AUN Abwaan Jaamac Kadiye waxa xigi doona xabaalo badan oo Hargeysa & Burco"". Radio Daljir (in Somali). 2023-08-17. Retrieved 2023-08-28.
  49. ^ @dhoorebbc (25 August 2023). (Tweet) https://x.com/dhoorebbc/status/1695168968745447709 – via Twitter. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  50. ^ Ministry of Defence | Somaliland [@SomalilandMod] (25 August 2023). "Ciidanka Qaranku waxay ku jiraan dib-isku-habayn iyo diyaargarow culus oo cadowga lagaga hortagayo. Wasaaradda Gaashaandhiga JSL" [The National Army is in the midst of reorganization and serious preparations to confront the enemy. Ministry of Defense JSL] (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  51. ^ "Somaliland Accuses Ethiopia of "Fuelling the Laasaanood Conflict"". puntlandpost.net. 9 March 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
  52. ^ "The Republic of Somaliland's response to the US State Department Statement". Somaliland Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 31 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
  53. ^ "Beenin hadal ka soo yeeray maamulka ridada Somaliland" [Denying the allegations of apostate Somaliland administration] (PDF). Somalimemo (in Somali). 9 February 2023.
  54. ^ "Afar arrimood oo ku gadaaman dagaalka Laascaanood". BBC News Somali (in Somali). 2023-03-06. Retrieved 2023-04-16.
  55. ^ "Puntland admits to having troops in las Anod – Somali Dispatch". 9 May 2023.
  56. ^ "Ethiopia denies sending troops to Las Anod, Somalia". Garowe Online. 11 March 2023. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  57. ^ "Somalia: Djibouti denies links to mass murders in Las Anod". Garowe Online. 15 February 2023. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
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