American Nazi Party
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The American Nazi Party was an organization formed with the goal of reviving Nazism, this time in the United States of America. It was led by George Lincoln Rockwell and headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. It maintained a bookstore and visitor's center at 2507 North Franklin Road (now a coffeehouse) [1]. The party was based largely upon the ideals and policies of Adolf Hitler's NSDAP in Germany during the Third Reich, along with an added platform of strong Holocaust denial.
In 1967 Rockwell was assassinated by John Patler, a disgruntled ex-party member. The organization had been renamed the National Socialist White People's Party (NSWPP) several months before Rockwell's assassination. Matt Koehl became Rockwell's successor.[2][3]
The American Nazi Party published racist cartoon books portraying white men fighting and defending white school children allegedly oppressed by African-Americans (who were caricatured as being ignorant and violent). These books were distributed for free to high school students in school parking lots.[citation needed]
In 1970, NSWPP member Frank Collin, broke away from the group and founded the National Socialist Party of America, which became famous due to an attempt to march through Skokie, Illinois, a community with a large Jewish population that included numerous survivors of the Holocaust. The event was dramatized in the television film Skokie and is referred to in the film The Blues Brothers. Collin's aim was to lead demonstrations in Chicago's Marquette Park area, and he targeted Skokie in an attempt to gain access to Marquette Park without posting a large insurance bond. In 1979, Collin was convicted and sent to prison on charges of child molestation .[4]
The Greensboro massacre took place on November 3, 1979 in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States. Five African-American marchers were shot and killed by members of the Ku Klux Klan and the American Nazi Party while in a protest. It was the culmination of attempts by the Communist Workers Party to organize mainly black industrial workers in that area.[5] On May 26, 2006 the New York Times reported that the greatest contributor of violence came from a lack of police presence. Although they had already been informed of the "Death to the Klan" rally, and the intended presence of White supremacists there were not an adequate amount of enforcement officers. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Committee concurred by concluding on November 3, 1979 that the lack of police was the single most important factor for the initiation of violence. Despite having a paid Klansmen informer, the police declined to adequately plan for the rally or anticipate the violence that pursued. In addition to the five that were killed, ten others were injured. However, no criminal convictions were ever made [6].
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[edit] Similar groups
The American Nazi Party mantle has been taken up by several small, often one-man, organizations, including James Burford's in Chicago and John Bishop's in Iowa .[7]
A new group claiming the name American Nazi Party has been founded, and according to its website, "is a Political-Educational Association, dedicated to the 14 Words". The organization states that it is "committed to bringing American National Socialism, first created and embodied by our late Commander George Lincoln Rockwell, out of the past Phase One activities which at the time served their purpose well, and into the 21st century."
The National Socialist Movement uses a similar name, America's Nazi Party.
Earlier American Nazi organizations that may have served as the roots for today's American Nazi Party are the German American Bund and Friends of New Germany. References by US War Crimes Commission members T.H. Tetens (The New Germany and the Old Nazis) and Joseph Wechsberg (The Murderers Among Us), as well as Secrets of the SS by World War II US Bomber Pilot Glenn Infield give many indicators that there has been a Fascist International which has survived World War II, and which would also logically provide links to American Nazi organizations.
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/05/AR2008020502676.html Washington Post - "It's Just Nazi Same Place" - Gene Weingarten
- ^ American Fuehrer: George Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party by Frederick J. Simonelli, (University of Illinois Press, 1999, hardcover: ISBN 0-252-02285-8)
- ^ Hate: George Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party by William H. Schmaltz, (Brassey's Inc., 1999, hardcover: ISBN 1-57488-171-X, paperback: ISBN 1-57488-262-7).
- ^ “Hate Groups, Racial Tension and Ethnoviolence in an Integrating Chicago Neighborhood 1976-1988,” by Chip Berlet; in Betty A. Dobratz, Lisa K. Walder, and Timothy Buzzell, eds., Research in Political Sociology, Vol.9: The Politics of Social Inequality, 2001, pp. 117–163.
- ^ Mark Hand (2004-11-18). "The Greensboro Massacre". Press Action.
- ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/26/us/26greensboro.html The Associated Press. "Report Blames Police for Deaths in '79 Rally in North Carolina" The New York Times
- ^ Kaplan, Jeffrey. Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right. Rowman Altamira. pp. 3. ISBN 0742503402.
[edit] External links
- [1][NATIONAL SOCIALIST AMERICAN LABOR PARTY]
- Official website of the revived ANP
- Official website of the National Socialist Movement (This group is different from the revived ANP, but sometimes does co-use the same or similar name)
- http://www.lamoth.org/generalinfo.html (link to Holocaust site)
